Xansiam mangosteen juice

Thailand is considered to be one of the many countries in the world which has many different varieties of organic products. A land which is abound in natural resources and its numerous tourist attractions, Thailand also has fruits and vegetables which are well known all over the world such as; durian, rambutans, mangosteens etc. Mangosteen is known as �the Queen of Fruits,� this is because of its crown like top which is similar to a crown that belongs to a queen. The actual mangosteen fruit known as the pulp; which is a soft-white colour, is sweet but it also has a touch of sourness to it. The taste is so sensational that it is hard to find another fruit which gives you the same satisfaction. The scientific name for mangosteen is Garcinia mangostana Linn which is in the Gutierrez Group. Mangosteen trees grow in any type of soil, but it grows best in clay mixed with sand. This is because the mixture of clay and sand has the ability to hold and distribute water sufficiently. Mangosteens grow best in hot and humid areas where the temperature ranges from 25-30 degree Celsius and also in areas where it rains regularly. The pulp of the mangosteen is enriched with many different kinds of vitamins and minerals such as; sugar, organic acid, calcium, phosphorous, iron and dietary fiber which helps your digestive system.�

Nutrients found in the Pulp

Food Value Per 100 g of Edible Portion Calories 60-63 Protein 0.50-0.60 g Fat 0.1-0.6 g Total Carbohydrates 14.3-15.6 g Total Sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) 16.42-16.82 g Dietary Fiber 5.0-5.1 g Calcium 0.01-8.0 mg Phosphorus 0.02-12.0 mg Iron 0.20-0.80 mg Vitamin B in the form of Thiamine 0.03 mg Vitamin C in the form of Ascorbic Acid 1.0-2.0 mg �* Minimum/maximum values from analyses made in the Philippines and Washington, D.C.

Apart from the nutrients in the pulp, mangosteen also has nutrients in the pericarp (the outer part of the mangosteen- its skin). The pericarp contains tannin and over 40 different kinds of antioxidants in the xanthones group. In the past, Thai�s have learnt how to make use out of the pericarp; using it to prevent diarrhoea and other bowel problems. Mangosteens help with bowel problems because it has astringents which come from the tannin. The recipe for this medicine is a mixture of grated pericarp with water or boiled dried pericarp, and then drinking it. Mangosteen is not only an excellent cure for bowel problems it is also a brilliant skin care for skin diseases such as; chloasma, rashes and tinea; caused by ringworms. The reason why it is such a brilliant skin care is because of a xanthone called mangostin. Mangostin helps to prevent infections, bacteria, and fungi - which is the main cause for skin diseases. The recipe for this medicine is boiled dry mangosteen or slaked lime water mixed with grated mangosteen. Then the paste can be used as liquid soap or it could be applied to the infected areas.

From research done by scientists we now know that there are over 40 different kinds of tannin (e.g. mangostin, gartanin, garcinone E, 1,5-dihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3-methoxyxanthone and 1,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3-methoxyxanthone) which are found in the pericarp. We also know that there are different types of tannin found just in the crown of the mangosteen itself (e.g. mangostanol, alpha-mangostin, gamma-mangostin, gartanin, 8-deoxygartanin, 5,9-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-8-methoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2H,6H-pyra no[3,2-b]xanthen-6-one, mangostenol , mangostenone A, and mangostenone B etc.)

This is a scientific diagram of a nutrient found in mangosteen- mangostin

Free radicals are molecules caused by oxygen chain reactions which occur in living beings. Free radicals can be caused by internal factors such as, your metabolism. Free radicals can also be caused by external factors such as, environmental pollution, excess sunlight, smoke from cigarettes, excess exercising etc. When there are imbalances in our bodies; our bodies start to collect more free radicals than usual. When there are too many free radicals, the body produces antioxidants to get rid of them. However, when there are too many free radicals collected in our bodies and the body cannot produce enough antioxidants, it causes you to have what is called �oxidative stress� which can cause injuries to your cells. Oxidative stress can cause decimated cells, and the outcome of that is aging and illnesses such as, autoimmune diseases, cancer etc.

Antioxidants can break down free radicals by preventing our bodies from having reactions with oxidants. Our body is not the only thing that can create antioxidants; vitamins, minerals and nutrients found in vegetables and fruits can also create antioxidants. Xanthones creates a great antioxidant known as �potent antioxidants� which breaks down oxidants in a particular way known as ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity). Brunswick Laboratories did research on antioxidants in many different kinds of fruits and found that mangosteen has the most affective antioxidants out of carrots, raspberry, blueberry and pomegranate. Nowadays more research is being done on mangosteens. These are some of the examples of the research scientists are doing on mangosteen:

• The advantage of antioxidants found in xanthones is that it prevents oxidants in LDL (low density lipoprotein) from occurring which then prevents you from having cardiovascular diseases, and also prevents cell destruction which then prevents aging.   • prevents cancer cells from developing and also gets rid of them to a certain extent, this has been tested on breast cancer cells, cancer cells in white blood cells, liver cancer cells, up to stomach and lung cancer cells.   • improves the immune system and prevents some fungi and bacteria from growing (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, S. Enteritidis and HIV).   • prevents and gets rid of hestimine which is the main cause of allergies.   • helps in vasorelaxing activities which helps in anti hypertensive.   Not only do mangosteens taste good as a fruit, the pulp also has an outstanding taste as juice or as a dried fruit which gives your body antioxidants and has many advantages. Therefore mangosteen is not only a sensational fruit it is also nutritious for our bodies and this is why mangosteen is a gift from nature.   Note:��� it is important to have the right amount of other nutrition in your body such as eating vegetables, fruits and exercising regularly - this will also help prevent illnesses.

Bibliography

1. �Interesting Herbs� written by Herbs as your liability project, published by Pra Pun Saan in 1998.   2. �How to be healthy by using common herbs (9)� written by Herbs as your liability project, published by Pra Pun Saan on July 1998. �   3. �Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of nutrition� was in the Thai Reader�s Digest on September 2004.   4. Morton J.� Mangosteen. p. 301�304. In: Fruits of warm climates. Julia F. Morton, Miami, FL., 1987   5. Anthony C. Dweck FLS FRSH FRSC, A review of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) Linn   6. Asai F, Tosa H, Tanaka� T and� Iinuma M. A xanthone from pericarps of Garcinia mangostana. Phytochemistry (1995) 39(4): 943-944.   7. Siripol Okonoki studied faculty of pharmacy at Ching Mai University was in the online manager newspaper on the 23rd �November 2005   8. Tribble DL and Krauss RM. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular disease In Present knowledge in nutrition, 8th edition. ILSI press. USA 2001,� 543-548   9. Mahabusarakam W, Proudfoot J, Taylor W and Croft K. Inhibition of lipoprotein oxidation by prenylated xanthones derived from mangostin. Free Radic Res. 2000, 33(5):643-59. 10. Williams P, Ongsakul M, Proudfoot J, Croft K and Beilin L. Mangostin inhibits the oxidative modification of human low density lipoprotein. Free Radic Res. 1995, 23(2):175-84.   11. Yoshikawa� M,� Harada� E,� Miki� A,� Tsukamoto� K,� Liang� SQ,� Yamahara� J and� Murakami� N. Antioxidant constituents from the fruit hulls of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) originating in Vietnam.� Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (1994) 114(2): 129-133   12. Jung H, Su B,� Keller WJ,� Mehta RG and Kinghorn AD. Antioxidant Xanthones from the Pericarp of Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen). J. Agric. Food Chem., 54 (6), 2077 -2082, 2006.   13. Jiang DJ, Hu GY Jiang JL, Xiang HL, Deng HW and Li YJ. Relationship between protective effect of xanthone on endothelial cells and endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem. 2003, 11(23):5171-7.   14. Sato A, Fujiwara H, Oku H, Ishiguro K and Ohizumi Y. Alpha-mangostin induces Ca(2+)-ATPase-dependent apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in PC12� cells.� J Pharmacol Sci. 2004, 95(1):33-40.   15. Pedro M, Cerqueira F, Sousa ME and Nascimento MS.� Xanthones as inhibitors of growth of human cancer cell lines and their effects on the proliferation of���� human lymphocytes in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem. 2002, 10(12):3725-30.   16. Matsumoto K, Akao Y, Kobayashi E, Ohguchi K, Ito T, Tanaka T, Iinuma M and Gifu N. Induction of apoptosis by xanthones from mangosteen in human leukemia cell lines, 2003.� Gifu 504-0838   17. Ho CK, Huang YL and Chen CC. Garcinone E, a xanthone derivative, has potent cytotoxic effect against the patocellular carcinoma cell lines. Planta Med. 2002, 68(11):975-9.   18. Suksamran S, Suwannapoch N, Phakhodee W and et al., Antimycobacterial activity of phenylated xanthones from the fruits of Garcinia mangostana. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2003, 51(7): 857-9   19. Chanarat P, Chanarat N, Fujihara M and Nagumo T, Immunopharmacological activity of polysaccharide from the pericarp of mangosteen garcinia: phagocytic intracellular killing activities. J Med Assoc Thai. 1997, 80 (1): s149-54   20. Vlietinck AJ, De Bruyne T, Apers S and Pieters LA. Plant-derived leading compounds for chemotherapy of human�� immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Planta Med. 1998, 64(2):97-109. 21. Chen SX, Wan M, Loh BN. Active constituents against HIV-1 protease from Garcinia mangostana. Planta Med. 1996.����� 62(4):381-2 22. Nakatani� K,� Atsumi� M,� Arakawa� T,� Oosawa� K.,� Shimura� S,� Nakahata� N and Ohizumi� Y.� Inhibitions of histamine release and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by mangosteen, a Thai medicinal plant. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2002, 25, 9, p.1137-1141   23. Chairungsrilerd N, Furukawa K, Ohta T, Nozoes S and Ohizumi Y. Histamininergic and serotonergic receptor blocking substances from the medicinal plant� Garcinia mangosterna.� Planta Med. 1996, 62(5): 471-2   24. Lin CN, Chung MI, Liou SJ, Lee TH, Wang JP. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory effects of xanthone derivatives. J��� Pharm Pharmacol. 1996 May; 48(5):532-8.   25. Nakatani K, Nakahata N, Arakawa T and et al., Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by gamma-mangostin, a xanthone derivative in mangosteen, in C6 rat glioma cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2002. 63 (1): 73-9   26. Wang LW, Kang JJ, Chen IJ, Teng CM, Lin CN. Antihypertensive and vasorelaxing activities of synthetic xanthone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem. 2002 Mar: 10 (3):567-72.   27. Cheng YW, Kang JJ. Mechanism of vasorelaxation of thoracic aorta caused by xanthone. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997, 336(1):23-8.

The OTOP Network has put all they have into the XanSiam project to produce a product from nature itself. And all has turned out very well when producing XanSiam. We use GMP (good manufacturing and practice) which for use puts together of the latest equipment and at the same time we are doing something that has been passed on from generation to generation. We only use mangosteens from farms which carry out GAP (GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE) that has been accepted all over the world. From the GAP we receive products that are free from pesticides and are picked by hand then brought to the factory with care. It doesn�t take very long for XanSiam to be manufactured this is to keep our product fresh.

Fix Standardised Methodology

With the latest manufacturing and research team which consists of pharmacist�s nutritionist and food engineers we have close control over every bit of our manufacturing, and the amount of Xanthones in each bottle is balanced and sufficient. Not only this, while we are manufacturing we also check the xanthone level and we can guarantee that there are not many labs in Thailand which can produce that information.

The technique we use to produce XanSiam is called �whole fruit technique� which is a complicated technique and it is hard to get such a fine tasting juice by using the whole fruit technique.

This is because the pulp of the mangosteen has a bitter taste. This was a challenge for us, yet still we came up with a great product which we guarantee will hold its freshness from mangosteen and all the nutrients from xanthones; a nutrient from nature itself.